A permanent resident (landed immigrant) of Canada who has been residing in Canada for a total of three years within the last four years can apply for Canadian citizenship. Having Canadian citizenship allows you to apply for a Canadian passport, apply for certain jobs, run in elections, and vote in elections in Canada. In addition, Canadian citizens do not need to worry about residency obligation because Canadian citizens can live outside of Canada without risking the loss of their residency status in Canada.

To become a Canadian citizen you must:

be 18 years of age or older
be a permanent resident (landed immigrant) of Canada
have lived in Canada for a total of three within the last four years
be able to communicate in either English or French (If you are between 18 and 54 years old)
be able to pass the citizenship exam (If you are between 18 and 54 years old)

* Days spent in Canada before becoming a permanent resident can be counted as 1/2 days (up to 365 days) if they are within the 4 years preceding your application date.

You are ineligible to become a Canadian citizen, if you:

are under a removal order
currently being charged with an indictable criminal offence
have been convicted of an indictable criminal offence in the past three years
have been in prison, on parole, or on probation in the past four years
are being investigated for or have been convicted of war crimes
had your Canadian citizenship revoked in the last five years

Canadians are allowed to hold foreign citizenship while keeping their Canadian citizenship (dual citizenship) depending on the country.

Canadian Citizenship Steps:
Apply for the Citizenship -> Citizenship Exam (If you are between 18 and 54 years old) -> Citizenship Ceremony

You can fill out a Canadian Citizenship Free Assessment to check your eligibility to apply for Canadian citizenship.